What is the main active ingredient in most relaxers?

The main active ingredient in most relaxers is sodium hydroxide. This compound is highly effective in breaking down the protein structure of the hair, which allows for the straightening process. Sodium hydroxide is an alkaline substance that raises the pH level of the hair, making the hair cuticle swell and soften. Once the cuticle is altered, the bonds within the hair can be changed, allowing for a permanent transformation of curly or wavy hair to a straighter appearance.

Sodium hydroxide is particularly known for its potency and fast-acting nature in hair relaxing treatments, making it a popular choice in professional salon products. It is crucial for professionals to use sodium hydroxide with care due to its strength, as improper use can lead to damage or over-processing of the hair.

Other ingredients listed, such as calcium carbonate, ammonium thioglycolate, and ethanolamine, are used in different types of hair treatments or relaxers, but they do not serve as the primary active ingredient in most traditional relaxers. Calcium carbonate is generally not used in relaxing treatments, ammonium thioglycolate is more commonly associated with perming, and ethanolamine is often used in chemical formulations, including some modern relaxers, but is not the mainstream active